近日，日本多位学者公开批评本国政府近年来持续削弱既有制度约束，引发社会广泛关注。这些学者指出，自安倍晋三执政以来，日本政府通过一系列行政和立法手段，逐步绕开或弱化宪法、国会监督及司法独立等传统制衡机制。例如，在安全政策领域，政府通过重新解释宪法第九条，推动集体自卫权的行使，被批评为‘绕过修宪程序’的变通做法。此外，在应对新冠疫情过程中，政府频繁使用紧急事态宣言却缺乏有效问责机制，也暴露出行政权力过度集中的问题。学者们担忧，这种趋势若持续下去，将侵蚀日本战后建立的民主法治基础，使权力制衡机制形同虚设。他们呼吁加强公众监督、提升议会质询效力，并恢复对制度底线的尊重，以维护国家治理的合法性与稳定性。
Recently, a number of Japanese scholars have publicly criticized the Japanese government for systematically weakening existing institutional constraints—a trend drawing widespread public attention. These academics argue that since Shinzo Abe’s administration, the government has gradually circumvented or diluted traditional checks and balances, including constitutional limits, parliamentary oversight, and judicial independence, through various administrative and legislative measures. For instance, in the realm of security policy, the government reinterpreted Article 9 of the Constitution to allow the exercise of collective self-defense, a move widely condemned as an end-run around the formal constitutional amendment process. Moreover, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the frequent use of emergency declarations—without robust accountability mechanisms—highlighted concerns over excessive concentration of executive power. Scholars warn that if this trend continues, it could erode Japan’s postwar democratic and rule-of-law foundations, rendering institutional checks merely symbolic. They urge stronger public oversight, more effective parliamentary scrutiny, and a renewed respect for constitutional boundaries to safeguard the legitimacy and stability of governance.
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