近日，陕西省合阳县境内的黄河段正式进入凌汛期。凌汛是黄河冬季特有的水文现象，主要发生在气温回升、上游冰层开始融化而下游河道仍被冰封的时期。此时，上游融化的冰水携带大量冰凌向下游流动，若遇下游冰坝阻塞，极易造成水位迅速上涨，甚至引发漫堤、决口等险情。合阳段地处黄河中游，河道弯曲、流速较缓，加之冬季低温持续时间较长，是凌汛高发区域之一。为应对凌汛风险，当地水利部门已启动防凌应急预案，加强河道巡查、冰情监测和应急值守，并通过爆破、破冰船等方式及时清除冰坝隐患。同时，沿岸乡镇也组织群众开展防凌演练，提升应急处置能力。专家提醒，随着全球气候变化影响加剧，极端天气事件频发，未来黄河凌汛的不确定性增加，需进一步完善监测预警体系和跨区域协同机制，确保沿岸人民生命财产安全。
Recently, the Yellow River section in Heyang County, Shaanxi Province, has officially entered its ice-flood season. Ice flooding is a unique hydrological phenomenon of the Yellow River during winter, typically occurring when rising temperatures cause upstream ice to melt while downstream sections remain frozen. The resulting flow of water and ice chunks can be obstructed by ice jams downstream, leading to rapid water level rises and potential risks such as overtopping or levee breaches.The Heyang stretch lies in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, characterized by meandering channels and slower flow speeds. Coupled with prolonged periods of sub-zero temperatures in winter, this area is particularly prone to ice flooding. In response, local water authorities have activated ice-flood emergency plans, intensified river patrols, ice condition monitoring, and round-the-clock staffing. Measures such as controlled blasting and ice-breaking vessels are being deployed to remove hazardous ice jams promptly. Additionally, riverside communities have conducted emergency drills to enhance public preparedness.Experts caution that with intensifying climate change and more frequent extreme weather events, the unpredictability of Yellow River ice floods is increasing. Strengthening early-warning systems and inter-regional coordination mechanisms will be crucial to safeguarding lives and property along the riverbanks.
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