近日，我国在核聚变能源研究领域再次取得重大突破。中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院的全超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置（EAST）成功实现高约束模式等离子体运行超过400秒，刷新了世界纪录。这一成果标志着我国在可控核聚变关键技术上迈出了坚实一步。核聚变是太阳等恒星的能量来源，其原理是将轻原子核（如氘和氚）在极高温度和压力下融合成更重的原子核，释放出巨大能量。与传统核裂变相比，核聚变具有燃料资源丰富、放射性废物少、安全性高等优势，被视为未来清洁能源的理想选择。EAST装置通过强大的磁场约束高温等离子体，模拟太阳内部的聚变环境。此次长时间高约束运行不仅验证了装置的稳定性和先进控制技术，也为国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）计划提供了宝贵数据和经验。专家指出，尽管距离商业化应用仍有距离，但每一次突破都让我们离‘人造太阳’的梦想更近一步。我国持续加大对核聚变科研的投入，积极参与国际合作，致力于推动人类能源结构的绿色转型。
China has recently achieved another major breakthrough in nuclear fusion energy research. The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), operated by the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, successfully sustained high-confinement plasma for over 400 seconds—setting a new world record. This milestone demonstrates significant progress in key technologies required for controlled nuclear fusion.Nuclear fusion—the process powering stars like our Sun—involves fusing light atomic nuclei such as deuterium and tritium under extreme temperatures and pressures to release vast amounts of energy. Compared to conventional nuclear fission, fusion offers abundant fuel resources, minimal radioactive waste, and enhanced safety, making it a promising candidate for future clean energy.EAST uses powerful magnetic fields to confine ultra-hot plasma, replicating conditions inside the Sun. This extended high-performance operation not only validates the device’s stability and advanced control systems but also provides valuable data and insights for the international ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) project. Experts note that while commercial fusion power remains years away, each breakthrough brings humanity closer to realizing the dream of a ‘man-made sun.’China continues to increase investment in fusion research and actively participates in global collaborations, aiming to accelerate the transition toward a sustainable and green energy future.
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