近年来，随着靶向治疗、免疫治疗和精准医学的快速发展，晚期肺癌患者的生存期和生活质量显著提升。过去，晚期肺癌常被视为‘绝症’，中位生存期不足一年；而如今，部分携带特定基因突变（如EGFR、ALK、ROS1等）的患者通过靶向药物治疗，可实现数年甚至更长时间的高质量生存。此外，免疫检查点抑制剂（如PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂）在无驱动基因突变的患者中也展现出持久疗效，使一部分患者获得长期缓解。多学科综合治疗策略的优化，包括放疗、化疗、局部介入与支持治疗的协同应用，进一步改善了患者的整体预后。更重要的是，治疗目标已从单纯延长生命转向兼顾生活质量，强调症状控制、心理支持与功能维持。因此，尽管晚期肺癌仍具挑战性，但‘带瘤长期生存’正逐渐成为现实，为患者带来新的希望。
In recent years, rapid advances in targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and precision medicine have significantly improved both survival duration and quality of life for patients with advanced lung cancer. Historically viewed as a terminal diagnosis with a median survival of less than one year, advanced lung cancer is now increasingly manageable. Patients harboring specific genetic mutations—such as EGFR, ALK, or ROS1—can achieve high-quality survival for several years or longer through targeted therapies. Meanwhile, immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors) have demonstrated durable responses in patients without driver mutations, enabling long-term remission in a subset of cases. Optimized multidisciplinary approaches—integrating radiotherapy, chemotherapy, local interventions, and supportive care—further enhance overall outcomes. Importantly, treatment goals have evolved beyond merely extending life to prioritizing quality of life, emphasizing symptom control, psychological support, and functional preservation. Although advanced lung cancer remains challenging, ‘long-term survival with controlled disease’ is becoming an achievable reality, offering renewed hope to patients.
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