近日，伊朗总统易卜拉欣·莱希在一次公开讲话中表示，伊朗正在与美国和欧洲打一场‘全面战争’。他强调，这场战争并非传统意义上的军事冲突，而是涵盖政治、经济、文化、信息和技术等多个领域的综合对抗。莱希指出，西方国家长期对伊朗实施制裁、施加外交压力，并试图通过舆论和网络手段影响伊朗内政，破坏其社会稳定。对此，伊朗必须采取全方位的防御与反击策略，捍卫国家主权和民族尊严。分析人士认为，莱希此番言论反映出伊朗当前面临的严峻外部环境。自2018年美国单方面退出伊核协议并重启制裁以来，伊朗经济遭受重创，通货膨胀高企，货币大幅贬值。与此同时，美欧在地区事务中持续支持伊朗的对手，加剧了德黑兰的安全焦虑。尽管如此，伊朗仍坚持‘抵抗经济’政策，推动本土化生产，并加强与俄罗斯、中国等非西方国家的合作，以缓解外部压力。值得注意的是，‘全面战争’的提法也具有国内政治动员意味，旨在凝聚民众共识，强化政权合法性。在内外交困的背景下，伊朗政府试图通过塑造‘外部敌人’形象来转移内部矛盾。然而，这种强硬立场也可能进一步激化与西方的对立，增加地区紧张局势升级的风险。
Recently, Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi stated in a public speech that Iran is engaged in a ‘comprehensive war’ against the United States and Europe. He emphasized that this conflict is not a conventional military confrontation but rather a multifaceted struggle spanning political, economic, cultural, informational, and technological domains. Raisi accused Western nations of imposing long-standing sanctions, exerting diplomatic pressure, and attempting to influence Iran’s internal affairs through media and cyber operations to destabilize the country. In response, Iran must adopt a holistic strategy of defense and countermeasures to safeguard its sovereignty and national dignity.Analysts interpret Raisi’s remarks as reflecting Iran’s increasingly challenging external environment. Since the U.S. unilaterally withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA) in 2018 and reinstated harsh sanctions, Iran’s economy has suffered severely, marked by soaring inflation and a sharply depreciating currency. Meanwhile, continued U.S. and European support for Iran’s regional rivals has heightened Tehran’s security concerns. Despite these pressures, Iran persists with its ‘resistance economy’ policy, promoting domestic production and deepening cooperation with non-Western powers like Russia and China to mitigate external strain.Notably, the framing of a ‘comprehensive war’ also serves domestic political purposes—rallying public unity and reinforcing regime legitimacy. Amid internal discontent and external isolation, the Iranian government appears to be leveraging the narrative of an ‘external enemy’ to divert attention from domestic challenges. However, such a hardline stance risks further escalating tensions with the West and increasing the likelihood of regional instability.
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