2024年1月1日起，中国正式实施《电动汽车能量消耗量限值》强制性国家标准（GB 38031-2023）。该标准首次对纯电动汽车的电能消耗设定了上限要求，旨在推动行业节能减排、提升产品能效水平。根据新国标，不同整备质量的电动乘用车在常温工况下的百公里电耗不得超过相应限值，例如整备质量小于1090公斤的车型，百公里电耗不得高于10.5千瓦时；而质量超过2510公斤的大型电动车，限值则为19.5千瓦时/100公里。标准适用于M1类（即最多9座的乘用车）纯电动车，不包括插电式混合动力和燃料电池汽车。新标准将促使车企优化整车设计、提升三电系统效率，并引导消费者关注车辆能效表现。同时，该政策也与国家‘双碳’战略目标相呼应，有助于减少交通领域碳排放，推动新能源汽车产业高质量发展。
Starting January 1, 2024, China has officially implemented the mandatory national standard ‘Limits of Energy Consumption for Electric Vehicles’ (GB 38031-2023). This is the first time China has set upper limits on electricity consumption for battery electric vehicles (BEVs), aiming to promote energy efficiency and reduce emissions across the automotive industry. Under the new standard, BEVs in different curb weight categories must not exceed specified energy consumption thresholds under normal temperature conditions. For example, vehicles weighing less than 1,090 kg are limited to 10.5 kWh per 100 km, while heavier models over 2,510 kg are capped at 19.5 kWh/100 km. The regulation applies only to M1-class pure electric passenger cars (those with up to nine seats) and excludes plug-in hybrids and fuel cell vehicles. The standard is expected to drive automakers to optimize vehicle design and improve the efficiency of their electric powertrains, while also encouraging consumers to consider energy efficiency when purchasing EVs. Aligned with China’s broader ‘dual carbon’ goals—peaking carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060—the policy supports low-carbon transportation and fosters high-quality growth in the new energy vehicle sector.
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