加拿大战斗机选型陷入两难，核心矛盾在于成本、战略需求与国际承诺的平衡。目前加政府计划采购88架新战机替代老旧的CF-18，主要候选机型为美国F-35A“闪电II”和瑞典萨博“鹰狮E”。F-35具备尖端隐身性能与北约体系兼容性，但单机成本高昂且维护复杂；鹰狮E虽运营成本更低且适合加拿大北极巡逻需求，却可能削弱与北约的 interoperability（互操作性）。此外，国内军工利益与工业合作条款（如补偿贸易协议）也成为决策关键因素。这一拖延数年的军购项目，折射出加拿大在国防自主与联盟义务之间的艰难抉择。
Canada’s fighter jet selection dilemma revolves around balancing cost, strategic requirements, and international commitments. The government plans to procure 88 new aircraft to replace aging CF-18s, with the primary contenders being the American F-35A Lightning II and Sweden’s Saab Gripen E. The F-35 offers cutting-edge stealth capabilities and NATO interoperability but comes with high per-unit costs and complex maintenance. The Gripen E, while more affordable to operate and better suited for Arctic patrol missions, may challenge compatibility with NATO allies. Domestic industrial benefits and offset agreements (such as technology transfer) further complicate the decision. This prolonged procurement process highlights Canada’s struggle between sovereign defense needs and alliance obligations.
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