泰国对柬埔寨态度强硬，主要源于两国长期存在的历史、领土和民族矛盾。其中最突出的争端是围绕柏威夏寺（Preah Vihear）及其周边地区的主权归属问题。该寺庙位于泰柬边境，1962年国际法院裁定其归属柬埔寨，但周边约4.6平方公里的争议地区归属未明，导致双方多次发生军事对峙甚至武装冲突，尤其在2008年至2011年间局势尤为紧张。此外，两国在民族认同与历史叙事上存在分歧。泰国部分民族主义者认为高棉帝国曾统治现今泰国东北部地区，而现代柬埔寨则强调自身为高棉文明正统继承者，这种历史认知差异加剧了彼此间的不信任。同时，国内政治因素也常被用作转移视线或凝聚民意的工具——泰国军方或政客有时会借强硬对柬立场来巩固国内支持。尽管近年来双方通过东盟框架及双边对话机制缓和关系，经贸与旅游合作也有所进展，但边界问题、民族情绪以及偶发事件（如社交媒体上的民族主义言论）仍可能迅速点燃紧张局势。因此，泰国对柬埔寨的强硬姿态，既是历史积怨的延续，也是现实政治与民族情感交织的产物。
Thailand’s tough stance toward Cambodia stems primarily from long-standing historical, territorial, and ethnic tensions between the two neighbors. The most prominent dispute centers on the Preah Vihear Temple and its surrounding area along the Thai-Cambodian border. Although the International Court of Justice ruled in 1962 that the temple belongs to Cambodia, the sovereignty over approximately 4.6 square kilometers of adjacent land remained unclear, leading to repeated military standoffs and even armed clashes—particularly between 2008 and 2011.Beyond territory, divergent historical narratives fuel mutual distrust. Some Thai nationalists view the ancient Khmer Empire as having once ruled parts of modern-day northeastern Thailand, while Cambodia asserts itself as the sole legitimate heir to Khmer civilization. These clashing perspectives deepen nationalistic sentiments on both sides. Moreover, domestic politics often plays a role: Thai military leaders or politicians sometimes adopt a hardline position on Cambodia to rally public support or divert attention from internal issues.Although bilateral relations have improved in recent years through ASEAN mechanisms and increased trade and tourism, unresolved border demarcations, nationalist rhetoric—especially on social media—and occasional incidents can quickly reignite tensions. Thus, Thailand’s firm posture toward Cambodia reflects not only historical grievances but also the complex interplay of contemporary politics and national identity.
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