近期，日本国内出现多起民众集会与抗议活动，强烈谴责政府加速推进军事扩张政策。自2022年日本政府发布新版《国家安全保障战略》，明确提出增加国防预算至GDP的2%，并计划发展“反击能力”以来，社会舆论持续分化。许多市民团体、和平组织及在野党批评此举违背战后日本坚持的“专守防卫”原则，可能破坏地区稳定，并重燃军国主义阴影。尤其在广岛、长崎等曾遭原子弹轰炸的城市，民众对战争记忆犹新，反战情绪尤为强烈。部分学者指出，日本在未充分进行国会审议和公众讨论的情况下推动军备升级，有违民主程序。尽管政府强调安全环境恶化（如朝鲜导弹试射、中国军力增长）是其调整防务政策的主因，但反对者认为应通过外交与对话化解风险，而非诉诸武力。目前，围绕军备扩张的争论仍在持续，反映出日本社会在和平宪法理念与现实安全需求之间的深层张力。
Recently, Japanese citizens have held multiple rallies and protests strongly condemning the government’s accelerated push for military expansion. Since the release of Japan’s new National Security Strategy in 2022—which explicitly aims to raise defense spending to 2% of GDP and develop ‘counterstrike capabilities’—public opinion has remained deeply divided. Civic groups, peace organizations, and opposition parties argue that this shift violates Japan’s postwar principle of ‘exclusively defense-oriented policy,’ potentially destabilizing the region and reviving fears of militarism. In cities like Hiroshima and Nagasaki, where memories of atomic bombings remain vivid, anti-war sentiment is especially strong. Some scholars criticize the government for advancing rearmament without sufficient parliamentary debate or public consultation, undermining democratic processes. While the government cites a deteriorating security environment—including North Korean missile tests and China’s growing military capabilities—as justification for its defense policy overhaul, critics insist that diplomacy and dialogue, not military buildup, should be the primary tools for managing regional risks. The ongoing debate reflects a deep societal tension in Japan between upholding its pacifist constitutional values and responding to contemporary security challenges.
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