近日，国产操作系统‘开拓者’宣布推出其自研版本的‘内外双核’架构，标志着中国在基础软件领域迈出关键一步。所谓‘内外双核’，是指系统内核分为‘内核’与‘外核’两个层次：内核负责最底层的硬件资源调度、安全隔离和核心服务保障，强调高安全性与稳定性；外核则面向应用生态，支持模块化扩展、兼容主流应用接口，并可灵活适配不同硬件平台。这种架构既保留了传统微内核的安全优势，又兼顾宏内核的高性能与生态兼容性。‘开拓者’团队表示，该设计有效解决了操作系统在安全、性能与生态之间的长期矛盾。内核经过形式化验证，具备高等级安全认证潜力；外核则通过开放API和容器化技术，快速接入国产软硬件生态。目前，该系统已在政务、金融等关键领域开展试点部署，未来有望成为信创体系中的核心基础软件之一。这一创新不仅提升了国产操作系统的自主可控能力，也为全球操作系统架构演进提供了中国方案。
Recently, the domestic operating system ‘Pioneer’ announced the launch of its self-developed ‘dual-core (inner-outer kernel)’ architecture, marking a significant step forward for China in foundational software. The ‘dual-core’ design divides the system kernel into two layers: an inner kernel and an outer kernel. The inner kernel handles low-level hardware resource scheduling, security isolation, and core service assurance, emphasizing high security and stability. The outer kernel, on the other hand, supports modular extensibility, compatibility with mainstream application interfaces, and flexible adaptation across diverse hardware platforms. This architecture retains the security advantages of traditional microkernels while also achieving the performance and ecosystem compatibility typically associated with monolithic kernels.According to the Pioneer development team, this approach effectively resolves the long-standing trade-offs among security, performance, and ecosystem support in operating systems. The inner kernel has undergone formal verification and shows strong potential for high-level security certification, while the outer kernel leverages open APIs and containerization technologies to rapidly integrate into China’s domestic software and hardware ecosystem. The system is already being piloted in critical sectors such as government and finance, and is expected to become a cornerstone of China’s information technology innovation (ITI) infrastructure. This innovation not only enhances the autonomy and controllability of domestic operating systems but also offers a Chinese-inspired solution to the global evolution of OS architecture.
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