截至目前（2024年），委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗并未在任何正式司法程序中接受‘庭审’。因此，不存在所谓‘主持马杜罗庭审的法官’。马杜罗自2013年起担任委内瑞拉总统，并于2018年和2024年连任。尽管其政府长期受到国内外对其人权记录、民主倒退及选举公正性的批评，但他在本国司法体系内并未被起诉或审判。相反，美国等部分西方国家曾对马杜罗本人及其多名高级官员实施制裁，并指控其涉及毒品走私、腐败等行为。例如，2020年美国司法部曾以‘毒品恐怖主义’等罪名起诉马杜罗，但这属于美国国内的单方面刑事指控，并非国际法庭或委内瑞拉本国法院的正式庭审。因此，该问题可能源于对国际政治新闻的误解。需要强调的是，在主权国家体系下，一国现任元首通常享有司法豁免权，除非其主动放弃或经由本国宪法程序启动弹劾或审判（如委内瑞拉反对派曾尝试但未成功）。综上，目前并无法官主持对马杜罗的正式庭审。
As of 2024, Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro has not undergone any formal judicial trial. Therefore, there is no judge presiding over a ‘trial’ of Maduro. Maduro has served as Venezuela’s president since 2013 and was re-elected in 2018 and 2024. Although his administration has faced persistent domestic and international criticism regarding human rights abuses, democratic backsliding, and electoral integrity, he has not been prosecuted or tried within Venezuela’s judicial system. Instead, countries like the United States have imposed sanctions on Maduro and several of his top officials, accusing him of drug trafficking, corruption, and other offenses. For instance, in 2020, the U.S. Department of Justice indicted Maduro on charges including ‘narco-terrorism,’ but this was a unilateral criminal indictment under U.S. law—not a formal trial conducted by an international tribunal or Venezuela’s own courts. The question likely stems from a misunderstanding of international political developments. It should be noted that under the principle of state sovereignty, sitting heads of state generally enjoy legal immunity unless they waive it voluntarily or face constitutional proceedings such as impeachment (which Venezuelan opposition groups have attempted without success). In summary, no judge is currently presiding over a formal trial of Nicolás Maduro.
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