歼-20战斗机实现‘越肩’发射霹雳-10空空导弹，标志着中国第五代隐身战机在超视距与近距格斗能力上的重大突破。‘越肩发射’（Over-the-Shoulder Launch）是指战机在高速飞行中，向后方目标发射具备大离轴角能力的格斗导弹，即使目标位于自身尾后方向，也能通过头盔瞄准具或先进火控系统引导导弹完成攻击。霹雳-10作为中国最先进的红外成像制导近距格斗弹，具备高机动性、抗干扰能力和±90度以上的离轴发射能力。结合歼-20的隐身性能、先进航电系统和分布式光学孔径系统（EODAS），飞行员可在不暴露自身位置的情况下，快速锁定并打击后方威胁。这一能力极大提升了歼-20在复杂空战环境中的生存力与先敌攻击优势，使其不仅擅长超视距作战，也具备顶尖的近距缠斗能力，真正实现‘全向攻击、先发制人’的现代空战理念。
The J-20 fighter jet’s capability to perform an ‘over-the-shoulder’ launch of the PL-10 air-to-air missile marks a significant breakthrough in China’s fifth-generation stealth fighter’s beyond-visual-range and close-combat prowess. ‘Over-the-shoulder launch’ refers to the ability of an aircraft to fire a highly maneuverable, high off-boresight short-range missile backward at targets trailing behind it—enabled by advanced helmet-mounted sights or fire-control systems. The PL-10, China’s most advanced infrared imaging-guided dogfight missile, features exceptional agility, strong countermeasures resistance, and off-boresight launch capability exceeding ±90 degrees. Integrated with the J-20’s stealth design, advanced avionics, and Electro-Optical Distributed Aperture System (EODAS), this allows pilots to detect, lock onto, and engage threats behind them without revealing their position. This capability dramatically enhances the J-20’s survivability and first-strike advantage in complex aerial combat scenarios, making it not only dominant in long-range engagements but also exceptionally lethal in close-in dogfights—truly embodying the modern air combat doctrine of ‘all-aspect attack and striking first.’
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