2024年6月，中国航天员科研训练中心宣布，中国首次航天员洞穴训练在贵州某喀斯特溶洞内圆满完成。此次训练历时10天，共有6名现役航天员参与，旨在模拟地外星球（如月球或火星）极端、封闭、未知的环境，提升航天员在复杂地形中的生存能力、团队协作能力及应急处置水平。洞穴环境具有黑暗、潮湿、通信受限、地形复杂等特点，与未来深空探测任务中可能遇到的地外环境高度相似。训练内容包括洞穴导航、地质采样、生命保障系统操作、心理适应性测试等。通过此次实战化演练，航天员不仅锻炼了在低重力模拟条件下的行动能力，还增强了面对突发状况的心理韧性。专家指出，洞穴训练是国际航天强国开展深空探测前的重要准备环节。欧洲空间局（ESA）和美国国家航空航天局（NASA）早已将洞穴训练纳入宇航员培训体系。中国此次成功实施该训练，标志着其载人航天工程正从近地轨道向深空探测稳步迈进，为未来月球基地建设、火星任务等奠定坚实基础。
In June 2024, China’s Astronaut Research and Training Center announced the successful completion of the country’s first-ever astronaut cave training exercise, conducted in a karst cave in Guizhou Province. The 10-day mission involved six active astronauts and aimed to simulate the extreme, confined, and unknown environments of extraterrestrial bodies such as the Moon or Mars, enhancing astronauts’ survival skills, teamwork, and emergency response capabilities in complex terrains.Cave environments—characterized by darkness, humidity, limited communication, and intricate topography—closely resemble conditions expected during future deep-space exploration missions. Training activities included cave navigation, geological sampling, life-support system operations, and psychological adaptability assessments. Through this realistic simulation, astronauts not only practiced mobility under partial-gravity analog conditions but also strengthened their mental resilience in unpredictable scenarios.Experts note that cave training is a well-established component in the astronaut preparation programs of leading space agencies like the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA. China’s successful implementation of this exercise marks a significant step in its human spaceflight program’s transition from low-Earth orbit operations toward deep-space exploration, laying a solid foundation for future lunar base construction and Mars missions.
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