近年来，中美科技竞争不断升级，已从早期的贸易摩擦演变为涵盖芯片、人工智能、量子计算、5G等关键领域的全面博弈。有观点认为，这场科技战已进入‘最后一百米’——即决定未来全球科技主导权的关键冲刺阶段。美国通过出口管制、实体清单、技术封锁等手段，试图遏制中国高科技产业的发展；而中国则加速推进科技自立自强，加大基础研究投入，推动国产替代和产业链重构。例如，在半导体领域，中国正集中资源突破光刻机、EDA工具等‘卡脖子’环节。与此同时，双方在标准制定、人才争夺和国际盟友体系构建上也展开激烈较量。‘最后一百米’不仅关乎技术领先，更涉及国家安全、经济主权与全球影响力。未来几年，谁能在核心技术上实现真正突破，谁就可能赢得这场战略竞赛的主动权。
In recent years, the U.S.-China tech rivalry has intensified, evolving from initial trade disputes into a comprehensive contest spanning critical domains such as semiconductors, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and 5G. Some analysts argue that this tech war has now entered the ‘final 100 meters’—a decisive sprint to determine global technological leadership. The United States has employed export controls, entity lists, and technology embargoes to curb China’s high-tech advancement, while China is accelerating efforts toward technological self-reliance, boosting investment in fundamental research, and pushing for domestic substitution and supply chain restructuring. For instance, in semiconductors, China is mobilizing resources to overcome bottlenecks like photolithography machines and EDA tools. Meanwhile, both sides are fiercely competing over standard-setting, talent acquisition, and building international alliances. This ‘final stretch’ is not just about technological superiority—it also concerns national security, economic sovereignty, and global influence. Over the next few years, whichever nation achieves genuine breakthroughs in core technologies will likely seize the initiative in this strategic race.
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