近期，多位国际关系与安全政策专家指出，日本正加速推进其国家安全战略转型，意图从战后长期奉行的‘专守防卫’原则，逐步转向建设一个具备主动作战能力的‘能战国家’。这一转变体现在多个层面：2022年日本政府通过新版《国家安全保障战略》，明确提出将发展‘反击能力’，并计划在未来五年内将军费开支提升至GDP的2%；同时，日本自卫队正积极采购远程巡航导弹、增强网络与太空作战能力，并加强与美英澳等国的军事合作。专家分析认为，此举既是对朝鲜导弹威胁和中国军力增长的回应，也反映出日本试图在印太地区扮演更主动安全角色的战略雄心。然而，这一动向也引发邻国对其突破和平宪法限制、走向军事正常化的担忧。日本政府强调其政策仍以防御为根本，但‘能战’能力的构建无疑标志着其安全政策的重大转折。
Recently, experts in international relations and security policy have noted that Japan is accelerating a strategic shift in its national security posture, moving away from its long-standing post-war principle of ‘exclusively defense-oriented policy’ toward becoming a ‘combat-capable nation’ with proactive military capabilities. This transformation is evident in several key developments: in 2022, the Japanese government adopted a new National Security Strategy that explicitly endorses acquiring ‘counterstrike capabilities,’ and pledged to raise defense spending to 2% of GDP within five years. Additionally, the Japan Self-Defense Forces are actively procuring long-range cruise missiles, enhancing cyber and space warfare capabilities, and deepening military cooperation with allies such as the U.S., the U.K., and Australia. Analysts argue this shift responds both to North Korea’s missile threats and China’s growing military presence, while also reflecting Japan’s ambition to play a more assertive security role in the Indo-Pacific region. However, neighboring countries have expressed concerns that Tokyo may be moving beyond the constraints of its pacifist constitution toward full military normalization. While the Japanese government insists its policy remains fundamentally defensive, the pursuit of ‘combat readiness’ marks a significant turning point in its security doctrine.
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