近年来，中国在量子科技领域取得了一系列突破性进展，稳居全球第一梯队。从量子通信、量子计算到量子精密测量，中国不仅在基础研究方面成果显著，还在技术应用和产业化方面走在世界前列。2016年，中国成功发射全球首颗量子科学实验卫星“墨子号”，实现了千公里级的星地量子密钥分发，为构建全球量子通信网络奠定了基础。此后，“京沪干线”等地面量子通信骨干网络相继建成，标志着中国在量子保密通信实用化方面迈出关键一步。在量子计算领域，中国科研团队先后研制出“九章”光量子计算原型机和“祖冲之号”超导量子计算机，多次刷新量子优越性纪录。此外，国家高度重视量子科技发展，将其纳入“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标纲要，持续加大投入，推动产学研协同创新。这些举措不仅巩固了中国在全球量子竞争中的战略地位，也为未来信息技术革命提供了强大支撑。
In recent years, China has achieved a series of breakthroughs in quantum technology, firmly establishing itself among the global leaders in this field. From quantum communication and quantum computing to quantum precision measurement, China has not only made significant progress in fundamental research but also taken the lead in technological application and industrialization. In 2016, China launched the world’s first quantum science satellite, Micius, enabling intercontinental quantum key distribution over distances of more than 1,000 kilometers and laying the groundwork for a global quantum communication network. Subsequently, terrestrial backbone networks like the Beijing–Shanghai Quantum Communication Trunk Line were completed, marking a critical step toward practical quantum-secured communication. In quantum computing, Chinese research teams have developed photonic quantum prototypes such as Jiuzhang and superconducting devices like Zuchongzhi, repeatedly demonstrating quantum advantage. Moreover, the Chinese government has prioritized quantum technology in its 14th Five-Year Plan and the 2035 Long-Range Objectives, continuously increasing investment and fostering innovation through industry–academia–research collaboration. These efforts have not only solidified China’s strategic position in the global quantum race but also provided strong support for the next wave of information technology revolution.
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