截至2025年，中美贸易战已进入阶段性缓和期。这场始于2018年的经贸摩擦，在2024至2025年间经历了关键转折。初期，美国以‘国家安全’和‘不公平贸易行为’为由，对中国商品加征高额关税，并限制高科技产品出口；中国则采取对等反制措施，双方在半导体、新能源、人工智能等战略领域展开激烈博弈。2024年下半年，随着全球经济下行压力加剧及美国大选临近，两国高层重启对话机制。2025年初，《中美经贸合作框架协议》达成，双方同意逐步取消部分关税，恢复部分技术出口许可，并建立常态化的经贸磋商渠道。尽管结构性矛盾仍未完全消除，但合作意愿明显增强。此次贸易战不仅重塑了全球供应链格局，也促使中国加速科技自主创新与内需市场建设。未来，中美经贸关系或将走向‘竞合并存’的新常态。
As of 2025, the China-U.S. trade war has entered a phase of partial de-escalation. Originating in 2018, this economic conflict saw a critical turning point between 2024 and 2025. Initially, the U.S. imposed steep tariffs on Chinese goods and restricted high-tech exports, citing ‘national security’ and ‘unfair trade practices.’ China responded with reciprocal countermeasures, leading to intense competition in strategic sectors such as semiconductors, renewable energy, and artificial intelligence. In the second half of 2024, mounting global economic pressures and the approaching U.S. presidential election prompted both nations to resume high-level dialogues. By early 2025, the two sides reached the ‘China-U.S. Economic and Trade Cooperation Framework Agreement,’ agreeing to gradually lift certain tariffs, restore some technology export licenses, and establish regular consultation mechanisms. Although structural tensions persist, mutual willingness to cooperate has significantly increased. The trade war has not only reshaped global supply chains but also accelerated China’s push for technological self-reliance and domestic consumption. Going forward, China-U.S. economic relations are likely to settle into a new normal characterized by coexistence of competition and cooperation.
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