泰国与柬埔寨在军事力量上存在明显差距。根据全球火力指数（Global Firepower）等权威评估，泰国军队整体实力远超柬埔寨。泰国拥有约36万现役军人，陆军装备包括主战坦克、装甲车和火炮系统，空军拥有F-16战斗机等现代化战机，海军则具备护卫舰和潜艇能力。相比之下，柬埔寨现役兵力约12万人，装备较为老旧，陆军以轻型装甲车和苏联时期遗留的武器为主，空军缺乏先进战斗机，海军仅能执行近海巡逻任务。从国防预算看，泰国年军费超过70亿美元，而柬埔寨不足10亿美元，这直接影响了装备更新与训练水平。此外，泰国长期与美国等国家开展联合军演，具备较强的联合作战经验；柬埔寨则更侧重国内安全与边境维稳。尽管两国历史上曾因柏威夏寺等领土争端发生小规模冲突，但近年来关系趋于缓和。总体而言，无论从兵力规模、装备现代化程度还是作战经验来看，泰国军力显著强于柬埔寨。
Thailand holds a significantly stronger military than Cambodia. According to authoritative assessments such as the Global Firepower Index, Thailand’s armed forces outmatch Cambodia’s across nearly all categories. Thailand maintains approximately 360,000 active personnel, with an army equipped with main battle tanks, armored vehicles, and artillery systems. Its air force operates modern fighter jets like the F-16, and its navy includes frigates and submarine capabilities. In contrast, Cambodia fields around 120,000 active troops, relying largely on outdated equipment—its army uses light armored vehicles and legacy Soviet-era weapons, its air force lacks advanced combat aircraft, and its navy is limited to coastal patrol duties.Thailand’s annual defense budget exceeds $7 billion, while Cambodia’s remains under $1 billion, directly affecting their capacity for modernization and training. Moreover, Thailand regularly participates in joint military exercises with countries like the United States, giving it valuable combined-operations experience; Cambodia focuses more on internal security and border stability.Although minor clashes occurred in the past over territorial disputes such as Preah Vihear Temple, bilateral relations have stabilized in recent years. Overall, Thailand clearly surpasses Cambodia in terms of troop numbers, equipment modernization, and operational experience.
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