2023年，菲律宾正式接任东南亚国家联盟（东盟）轮值主席国，这一角色使其在区域事务中扮演更为关键的协调者角色。尤其在南海问题上，菲方立场备受关注。作为南海声索国之一，菲律宾近年来与中国的海上摩擦时有发生，同时也在强化与美国等域外大国的安全合作。在此背景下，其担任东盟主席国，既可能推动东盟内部就南海行为准则（COC）谈判取得进展，也可能因自身立场影响东盟整体的中立性和团结性。东盟一贯主张通过和平对话解决争端，并强调维护地区和平稳定。然而，成员国在南海问题上的立场存在差异，部分国家倾向与中国加强合作，另一些则更依赖外部力量制衡。菲律宾若能在主席国任期内平衡各方利益，推动COC磋商取得实质性成果，将有助于缓解紧张局势；反之，若过度突出自身诉求或引入更多外部干预，可能加剧区域分歧。总体而言，菲律宾担任东盟主席国为南海局势带来新的变量。国际社会普遍期待东盟继续发挥建设性作用，以对话与合作为导向，推动南海成为和平、合作与发展的海域。
In 2023, the Philippines officially assumed the rotating chairmanship of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), placing it in a pivotal role as a regional coordinator. Its stance on the South China Sea issue has drawn particular attention. As one of the claimant states in the South China Sea disputes, the Philippines has experienced periodic maritime tensions with China in recent years and has deepened security cooperation with external powers like the United States. Against this backdrop, its ASEAN leadership could either advance negotiations on a Code of Conduct (COC) in the South China SEA or risk undermining ASEAN’s neutrality and unity due to its own national position.ASEAN consistently advocates for peaceful dialogue to resolve disputes and emphasizes regional peace and stability. However, member states hold divergent views on the South China Sea: some favor closer cooperation with China, while others rely more on external actors for strategic balance. If the Philippines can skillfully balance these interests during its chairmanship and drive substantive progress in COC talks, it may help ease tensions. Conversely, overemphasizing its own claims or inviting greater external involvement could deepen divisions within the region.Overall, the Philippines’ ASEAN chairmanship introduces new dynamics to the South China Sea situation. The international community widely hopes that ASEAN will continue playing a constructive role, prioritizing dialogue and cooperation to transform the South China Sea into a zone of peace, collaboration, and shared development.
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