在中国，大多数地区遵循农历春节作为新年的开始，但贵州黎平县的肇兴侗寨却有着独特的年俗——‘侗年’。当全国大部分地方还在忙碌工作时，肇兴侗寨的居民早在农历十月底或十一月初就已欢度新年，因此有‘全国人民还上班，这个侗寨已在过年’的说法。侗年是侗族最重要的传统节日之一，源于古老的农耕文化，用以庆祝丰收、祭祀祖先、祈求来年风调雨顺。节日期间，寨子里张灯结彩，家家户户杀猪宰牛、打糍粑、酿米酒，身着盛装的侗族男女老少齐聚鼓楼坪，举行祭祖仪式、芦笙踩堂、大歌对唱等丰富多彩的民俗活动。其中，侗族大歌作为世界级非物质文化遗产，以其多声部、无伴奏、自然和声的特点，成为节日中最动人的声音。这种提前过年的习俗不仅体现了侗族人民对自然节律的尊重，也展现了其独特的时间观念与文化自信。如今，随着乡村旅游的发展，越来越多游客慕名而来，亲身体验这份别具一格的年味，也让侗年文化在传承中焕发新生。
While most of China celebrates the Lunar New Year in late January or early February, the Zhaoxing Dong Village in Liping County, Guizhou Province, observes its own unique New Year—known as ‘Dong Nian’—much earlier. Locals often say, ‘While the rest of the nation is still at work, this Dong village is already celebrating the New Year,’ referring to how villagers begin their festivities as early as the end of the tenth or early eleventh lunar month.Dong Nian is one of the most important traditional festivals for the Dong ethnic group, rooted in ancient agrarian culture. It serves to celebrate the harvest, honor ancestors, and pray for favorable weather and prosperity in the coming year. During the festival, the village is adorned with lanterns and decorations. Families slaughter pigs and cattle, pound glutinous rice cakes, and brew rice wine. Villagers dress in vibrant traditional attire and gather in the drum tower square for ancestral rituals, lusheng (reed-pipe instrument) dances, and polyphonic Dong Grand Songs—a UNESCO-recognized intangible cultural heritage known for its rich harmonies without instrumental accompaniment.This early celebration reflects the Dong people’s deep respect for natural cycles and their distinct cultural identity. Today, as rural tourism flourishes, more visitors are drawn to experience this unique festive atmosphere, helping to preserve and revitalize Dong Nian traditions for future generations.
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