近日，中国科研团队在全超导磁体技术领域取得重大突破，成功研制出全球首个全超导用户磁体，并创下世界纪录。该磁体由中科院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所主导研发，采用高温超导与低温超导材料复合结构，在液氦温区（约4.2K）下稳定运行，中心磁场强度达到20特斯拉以上，刷新了同类装置的国际最高水平。全超导用户磁体是指整套磁体系统（包括线圈、支撑结构和冷却系统）全部采用超导材料制造，具有能耗低、稳定性高、运行时间长等优势，是未来聚变能、高能物理、先进医疗设备（如核磁共振成像）等领域的关键技术。此次突破不仅验证了我国在超导材料工程化应用方面的领先能力，也为国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）及中国聚变工程实验堆（CFETR）等重大项目提供了重要技术支撑。专家表示，这一成果标志着中国在高端超导磁体自主研发方面迈入世界前列，将加速推动聚变能源商业化进程，并为多学科交叉研究提供强大平台。
Recently, a Chinese research team has achieved a major breakthrough in fully superconducting magnet technology by successfully developing the world’s first fully superconducting user magnet, setting a new global record. Led by the Institute of Plasma Physics at the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the magnet employs a hybrid structure combining high-temperature and low-temperature superconducting materials. It operates stably at liquid helium temperatures (approximately 4.2 K) and achieves a central magnetic field strength exceeding 20 tesla, surpassing previous international benchmarks.A fully superconducting user magnet refers to a complete magnet system—including coils, support structures, and cooling systems—entirely built with superconducting materials. Such systems offer significant advantages including low energy consumption, high stability, and extended operational lifetimes. They are critical for future applications in fusion energy, high-energy physics, and advanced medical equipment such as MRI machines. This breakthrough not only demonstrates China’s leading capabilities in engineering applications of superconducting materials but also provides vital technical support for major international projects like the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) and China’s CFETR (China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor).Experts note that this achievement marks China’s entry into the global forefront of high-end superconducting magnet development, accelerating the path toward commercial fusion energy and offering a powerful platform for interdisciplinary research.
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