2022年10月，美国国防部发布新版《国防战略》报告，明确将中国定位为‘最重要的战略竞争对手’和‘步步紧逼的挑战’。该战略强调，美国军事重心正从反恐和中东事务转向印太地区，以应对所谓‘中国日益增长的军事能力和影响力’。报告指出，美国将加强与盟友及伙伴的合作，推进‘一体化威慑’战略，包括强化核威慑、提升网络与太空作战能力，并加快先进技术研发。同时，美国试图通过‘小院高墙’策略，在关键技术领域对华实施精准遏制。值得注意的是，尽管措辞强硬，该战略也强调避免与中国发生直接冲突，主张通过竞争而非战争来维护美国主导地位。总体来看，这份战略凸显了美国对华战略竞争的长期化、系统化趋势，也反映出其在安全领域对中国的高度警惕与防范。
In October 2022, the U.S. Department of Defense released its new National Defense Strategy, explicitly identifying China as the ‘most consequential strategic competitor’ and an ‘urgent challenge.’ The strategy signals a clear shift in U.S. military focus away from counterterrorism and Middle East operations toward the Indo-Pacific region, citing concerns over China’s growing military capabilities and influence. It emphasizes strengthening alliances and partnerships, advancing an ‘integrated deterrence’ approach that includes bolstering nuclear deterrence, enhancing cyber and space operations, and accelerating the development of advanced technologies. The U.S. also aims to implement a ‘small yard, high fence’ strategy—imposing targeted restrictions on critical technologies to contain China’s advancement. Notably, despite its tough rhetoric, the strategy underscores the importance of avoiding direct military conflict with China, advocating instead for strategic competition without war to preserve U.S. global leadership. Overall, the document reflects a long-term, systematic approach to U.S.-China strategic rivalry and highlights Washington’s heightened vigilance toward Beijing in the security domain.
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