古巴政府近期多次强调，当前国家面临的严重经济困境主要源于美国长期实施的经济、金融和贸易封锁。自1962年以来，美国对古巴实施全面制裁，限制其获取国际融资、进口关键物资以及参与全球贸易的能力。近年来，尽管全球经济普遍承压，但古巴指出，美国在2019年后进一步收紧制裁，包括限制侨汇、打压旅游和将古巴重新列入‘支持恐怖主义国家’名单，加剧了该国的经济危机。古巴官方表示，这些措施导致能源短缺、食品和药品供应紧张，以及通货膨胀飙升，严重影响民生。古巴领导人呼吁国际社会关注这一单边制裁对发展中国家造成的不公正影响，并重申坚持主权独立和发展自主道路的决心。与此同时，古巴也在推进有限的经济改革，如扩大私营部门、推动货币统一等，以缓解内部压力。然而，政府强调，若无外部封锁的解除，任何内部调整都难以根本扭转经济颓势。
The Cuban government has recently reiterated that the country’s severe economic crisis is primarily caused by the long-standing U.S. economic, financial, and trade embargo. Since 1962, the United States has imposed comprehensive sanctions on Cuba, restricting its access to international financing, essential imports, and global trade. In recent years, although the global economy has faced widespread challenges, Cuba asserts that the U.S. intensified its sanctions after 2019—by limiting remittances, curbing tourism, and re-listing Cuba as a ‘state sponsor of terrorism’—which significantly worsened the island’s economic situation. According to Cuban officials, these measures have triggered energy shortages, acute scarcity of food and medicine, and soaring inflation, severely impacting daily life. Cuban leaders have called on the international community to recognize the unjust consequences of unilateral sanctions on developing nations and reaffirmed their commitment to national sovereignty and self-determined development. Meanwhile, Cuba has initiated limited economic reforms, such as expanding the private sector and unifying its dual-currency system, to alleviate internal pressures. However, the government stresses that without lifting the external blockade, domestic adjustments alone cannot fundamentally reverse the economic downturn.
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