近年来，韩国在朝鲜半岛局势中展现出“一边谈和、一边强军”的双重策略。一方面，韩国政府多次表达通过对话与外交手段缓和朝韩关系、推动半岛无核化的意愿；另一方面，其国防预算持续增长，2024年已突破60万亿韩元，创下历史新高，并加速推进自主国防建设，包括发展弹道导弹、高超音速武器及扩大军工出口。这种看似矛盾的策略实则具有清晰的战略逻辑：首先，面对朝鲜频繁的导弹试射与核威胁，强化军事能力是保障国家安全的必要手段；其次，强大的国防实力可为外交谈判提供有力后盾，增强韩国在对朝及对美日等盟友协调中的战略自主性；再者，在地区安全格局日益复杂的背景下，韩国试图通过提升军力确立自身在东北亚的安全角色，减少对外部力量的过度依赖。因此，“谈和”体现的是政治意愿与和平导向，“强军”则是现实安全需求与战略自主的体现，二者相辅相成，共同服务于韩国的国家利益与长期稳定。
In recent years, South Korea has adopted a dual strategy of ‘pursuing peace talks while strengthening its military’ amid the evolving security dynamics on the Korean Peninsula. On one hand, the South Korean government consistently emphasizes dialogue and diplomacy to ease inter-Korean tensions and advance denuclearization. On the other hand, it has significantly increased defense spending—reaching over 60 trillion KRW in 2024, a record high—and accelerated indigenous defense capabilities, including ballistic missiles, hypersonic weapons, and expanded arms exports. This seemingly contradictory approach reflects a coherent strategic logic: first, enhancing military strength is essential to counter North Korea’s frequent missile tests and nuclear threats; second, robust defense capabilities bolster South Korea’s negotiating position and strengthen its strategic autonomy in dealings with both Pyongyang and allies like the U.S. and Japan; third, amid growing regional uncertainties, Seoul aims to assert itself as a key security actor in Northeast Asia and reduce overreliance on external powers. Thus, ‘peace talks’ reflect political will and a commitment to peace, while ‘military buildup’ addresses real security concerns and strategic independence—two complementary pillars serving South Korea’s national interests and long-term stability.
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