近日，教育部发布通知，明确2026年高考招生将严格控制高校大类招生的规模。所谓‘大类招生’，是指高校在招生时不按具体专业录取，而是按学科门类（如工科、文科、理科等）统一招生，学生入学后再根据兴趣和成绩分流至具体专业。这一模式曾被广泛推广，旨在增强学生选择专业的自主性并提升通识教育质量。然而，近年来部分高校在实施过程中出现专业分流不透明、资源分配不均、学生适应困难等问题，引发社会关注。为此，教育部要求各高校在2026年招生中大幅缩减大类招生计划，回归以专业为基础的招生方式，确保招生公平、培养质量与学生权益。同时，鼓励高校优化专业设置，加强招生宣传与指导，帮助考生更清晰地了解专业内涵与发展前景。此举被视为深化高考改革、推动高等教育高质量发展的重要举措。
Recently, China’s Ministry of Education announced that the 2026 college entrance examination (Gaokao) admissions will strictly limit the scale of ‘broad-category enrollment.’ Broad-category enrollment refers to a practice where universities admit students by academic disciplines—such as engineering, humanities, or sciences—rather than specific majors, with students choosing their actual majors after enrollment based on interests and academic performance. Initially promoted to enhance student autonomy and improve general education, this model has faced criticism in recent years due to issues like opaque major allocation, uneven resource distribution, and student difficulties in adaptation. In response, the Ministry requires universities to significantly reduce broad-category enrollment quotas in 2026 and return to major-based admissions to ensure fairness, educational quality, and student rights. Institutions are also encouraged to refine their program offerings and strengthen pre-enrollment counseling to help applicants better understand majors and career prospects. This move is seen as a key step in deepening Gaokao reform and advancing high-quality higher education development.
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