近年来，美欧关系出现明显裂痕，从贸易争端、防务开支分歧，到对华战略认知差异，双方在多个关键议题上立场渐行渐远。尤其在俄乌冲突、气候变化、数字税及能源政策等领域，美国与欧盟的协调难度加大。特朗普时期‘美国优先’政策虽已结束，但其遗留的单边主义思维仍影响深远。拜登政府虽试图修复跨大西洋关系，但在产业补贴（如《通胀削减法案》）等问题上，反而加剧了欧洲对美国‘经济民族主义’的不满。此外，欧洲战略自主意识日益增强，试图减少对美依赖，在安全、科技和供应链方面寻求独立路径。尽管双方仍共享民主价值观，但利益分化正使合作基础趋于脆弱。若结构性矛盾持续发酵，美欧分裂或非短期波动，而可能演变为长期趋势，重塑全球地缘政治格局。
In recent years, transatlantic relations between the United States and Europe have shown clear signs of strain. Disagreements over trade, defense spending, and divergent strategic perceptions toward China have widened the gap between the two allies. Key issues such as the Ukraine war, climate policy, digital taxation, and energy strategy have further complicated coordination. Although the ‘America First’ approach of the Trump era has ended, its legacy of unilateralism continues to cast a long shadow. The Biden administration has sought to rebuild ties, yet policies like the Inflation Reduction Act—seen by many in Europe as favoring U.S. industry at their expense—have fueled resentment over American economic nationalism. Meanwhile, the European Union is increasingly pursuing strategic autonomy, aiming to reduce reliance on the U.S. in security, technology, and supply chains. While shared democratic values remain a cornerstone of the alliance, growing divergence in interests is weakening the foundation for cooperation. If these structural tensions persist, the U.S.-Europe rift may not be a temporary fluctuation but could evolve into a lasting trend, significantly reshaping the global geopolitical landscape.
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