近年来，美欧关系出现明显裂痕，从贸易争端、防务开支分歧，到对华政策和全球治理理念的差异，双方在多个关键议题上立场渐行渐远。尤其在特朗普执政时期，美国单边主义倾向加剧，退出《巴黎协定》和伊核协议等多边机制，令欧洲深感不安。尽管拜登政府试图修复跨大西洋关系，但俄乌冲突、能源危机以及美国《通胀削减法案》对欧洲产业的冲击，再度暴露双方利益错位。欧洲正加速推进战略自主，加强防务与科技独立性，减少对美依赖。然而，美欧在价值观、安全同盟及对抗威权主义等方面仍具高度共识。因此，当前的‘分裂’更多体现为合作中的摩擦与再平衡，而非彻底决裂。未来美欧关系或将进入‘选择性协作’的新常态，既有竞争也有协调，但全面脱钩尚不现实。
In recent years, transatlantic relations between the United States and Europe have shown clear signs of strain. Disagreements over trade, defense spending, approaches to China, and visions for global governance have increasingly driven the two sides apart. During the Trump administration, U.S. unilateralism—exemplified by withdrawals from the Paris Agreement and the Iran nuclear deal—deeply unsettled European allies. Although the Biden administration has sought to repair these ties, new tensions have emerged due to the Ukraine war, the energy crisis, and the economic impact of the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act on European industries. In response, Europe is accelerating its pursuit of strategic autonomy, aiming to bolster defense capabilities and technological independence to reduce reliance on the U.S. Nevertheless, the U.S. and Europe still share strong common ground on democratic values, security alliances, and countering authoritarianism. Thus, the current rift reflects friction and recalibration within a broader partnership rather than an outright breakup. Going forward, U.S.-Europe relations are likely to settle into a ‘selective cooperation’ model—marked by both competition and coordination—but a complete decoupling remains unlikely.
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