日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）近日公布了H3火箭第二次发射失败的初步调查结果。该火箭于2023年3月7日从种子岛航天中心升空，但在飞行过程中未能按计划将卫星送入预定轨道，最终任务被判定为失败。根据初步分析，问题出在火箭第二级发动机的点火系统上。具体而言，用于点燃第二级LE-5B发动机的点火装置未能正常工作，导致发动机未启动，从而无法提供继续飞行所需的动力。JAXA表示，故障可能与点火电路中的电压异常有关，但确切原因仍在深入调查中。此次失败对日本自主航天能力的发展构成一定打击，也推迟了包括地球观测卫星“大地4号”在内的多项任务。不过，JAXA强调已从本次事件中获得宝贵数据，并计划在彻底查明原因后尽快安排下一次发射。H3火箭作为日本新一代主力运载火箭，旨在替代老旧的H-IIA系列，具备更高性能和更低的成本，其成功对日本未来参与国际商业发射市场至关重要。
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) recently released preliminary findings on the second failed launch of its H3 rocket. The rocket lifted off from the Tanegashima Space Center on March 7, 2023, but failed to place its payload into the intended orbit, resulting in a mission failure. According to initial analysis, the issue stemmed from the ignition system of the second-stage engine. Specifically, the igniter for the LE-5B second-stage engine failed to activate, preventing the engine from starting and depriving the rocket of the thrust needed to continue its ascent.JAXA indicated that an abnormal voltage in the ignition circuit may have contributed to the malfunction, though the exact root cause is still under detailed investigation. This setback has delayed several missions, including the Earth observation satellite ‘ALOS-4’ (Daichi-4), and dealt a blow to Japan’s ambitions for independent space access. Nevertheless, JAXA emphasized that valuable data was collected during the flight and that it plans to schedule the next launch as soon as the cause is fully understood. As Japan’s next-generation flagship launch vehicle designed to replace the aging H-IIA series, the H3 rocket aims to offer higher performance at lower cost—making its success critical for Japan’s future participation in the global commercial launch market.
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