随着新能源汽车保有量迅速增长，报废车辆的回收处理问题日益突出。其中，动力电池作为新能源车的核心部件，其安全、环保与资源回收价值备受关注。因此，国家明确要求报废新能源车必须实行“车电一体”回收模式，即整车（含电池）作为一个整体进行回收处置，不得擅自拆解或分离电池。“车电一体”的必要性主要体现在三方面：一是安全风险防控。动力电池若被非专业人员随意拆卸、运输或存储，极易引发起火、爆炸等安全事故；二是环保合规要求。电池中含有镍、钴、锂等重金属和电解液，若处理不当会造成土壤和水源污染；三是资源高效利用。通过正规渠道统一回收，可实现电池梯次利用或材料再生，提升资源循环效率。此外，“车电一体”也有助于建立全生命周期追溯体系，防止废旧电池流入非法渠道，保障消费者权益和产业健康发展。因此，无论是车主、回收企业还是监管部门，都应严格遵守相关规定，共同推动新能源汽车产业绿色可持续发展。
As the number of new energy vehicles (NEVs) rapidly increases, the issue of end-of-life vehicle recycling has become increasingly urgent. The traction battery—the core component of NEVs—draws significant attention due to its safety risks, environmental impact, and valuable recyclable materials. Consequently, national regulations now mandate a ‘vehicle-battery integrated’ recycling approach for scrapped NEVs, meaning the entire vehicle—including its battery—must be processed as a single unit, without unauthorized disassembly or separation of the battery.This integrated approach is essential for three main reasons: First, it mitigates safety hazards. Improper handling, transportation, or storage of batteries by unqualified personnel can easily lead to fires or explosions. Second, it ensures environmental compliance. Batteries contain heavy metals like nickel, cobalt, and lithium, along with electrolytes that can contaminate soil and water if not managed properly. Third, it enables efficient resource recovery. Through authorized recycling channels, batteries can be repurposed for secondary uses or broken down for material regeneration, enhancing circular economy efficiency.Moreover, the ‘vehicle-battery integrated’ model supports a full lifecycle traceability system, preventing used batteries from entering illegal markets and safeguarding consumer interests and industry integrity. Therefore, vehicle owners, recyclers, and regulators alike must strictly adhere to these rules to promote the green and sustainable development of the NEV industry.
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