2024年，日本与菲律宾签署《互惠准入协定》（RAA），标志着两国军事合作迈入新阶段。该协议允许双方军队在联合训练、人道主义救援及灾难应对等行动中相互提供后勤支援，包括燃料、弹药、运输和基地使用等。这是日本继与澳大利亚、英国、美国之后，与亚洲国家签署的又一重要防务协议，也是其首次与东南亚国家达成类似安排。从战略角度看，日菲此举意在强化印太地区的安全协作，应对日益复杂的地缘政治挑战，尤其是南海局势的紧张。日本希望通过深化与东盟国家的安全联系，扩大自身在区域事务中的影响力；而菲律宾则希望借助日本的支持，增强自身防御能力，并在大国博弈中寻求更多战略平衡。然而，该协议也引发地区内外的关注与担忧。中国外交部表示，有关国家间的军事合作应有利于地区和平稳定，不应针对第三方或损害他国利益。分析人士指出，若此类合作被用于加剧对抗，可能不利于区域互信与合作氛围的构建。总体而言，日菲军事后勤协议反映了当前亚太安全格局的演变趋势，即多边安全合作机制日益活跃。但各方仍需秉持开放包容、非对抗原则，避免将安全合作工具化，共同维护地区和平与发展大局。
In 2024, Japan and the Philippines signed the Reciprocal Access Agreement (RAA), marking a significant step forward in their military cooperation. The agreement allows both countries’ armed forces to provide logistical support—including fuel, ammunition, transportation, and access to bases—during joint exercises, humanitarian assistance, and disaster relief operations. This is Japan’s latest defense pact following similar agreements with Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and notably its first such arrangement with a Southeast Asian nation.Strategically, the move aims to strengthen security collaboration in the Indo-Pacific amid increasingly complex geopolitical challenges, particularly rising tensions in the South China Sea. Japan seeks to expand its regional influence by deepening security ties with ASEAN members, while the Philippines hopes to bolster its defense capabilities and achieve greater strategic balance amid great-power competition.However, the agreement has drawn attention and concern from within and beyond the region. China’s Foreign Ministry stated that military cooperation between countries should contribute to regional peace and stability and must not target third parties or undermine their interests. Analysts caution that if such partnerships are used to escalate confrontation, they could erode mutual trust and hinder cooperative dynamics in the region.Overall, the Japan-Philippines logistics agreement reflects the evolving security architecture in the Asia-Pacific, characterized by growing multilateral defense engagement. Nevertheless, all parties should uphold principles of openness, inclusiveness, and non-confrontation, avoiding the instrumentalization of security cooperation to jointly safeguard regional peace and development.
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