近日，日本经济安全保障担当大臣高市早苗公开要求中方撤回对镓、锗等关键金属的出口管制措施。对此，中国外交部回应表示，相关出口管制是基于维护国家安全和利益的正当举措，符合国际通行做法，并强调中方始终致力于维护全球产业链供应链的稳定。镓和锗是制造半导体、雷达、5G通信设备等高科技产品的重要原材料，中国是全球主要生产国。2023年，中国宣布对这两种金属实施出口许可制度，引发国际关注。高市早苗称此举可能扰乱全球供应链，并呼吁中方撤销限制。但中方指出，出口管制并非针对特定国家，而是依法依规进行的风险管理措施，同时愿意与各国通过对话沟通解决关切。分析人士认为，这一争议反映出全球科技竞争背景下，关键资源的战略价值日益凸显。中方强调规则与合作，日方则担忧供应链安全，双方立场虽有分歧，但仍有通过多边机制协调的空间。
Recently, Japan’s Minister for Economic Security, Sanae Takaichi, publicly urged China to rescind its export controls on critical metals such as gallium and germanium. In response, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that these export restrictions are legitimate measures taken to safeguard national security and interests, aligning with international practices, and emphasized China’s consistent commitment to maintaining the stability of global industrial and supply chains.Gallium and germanium are essential raw materials used in semiconductors, radar systems, 5G communication equipment, and other high-tech products. China is the world’s leading producer of both metals. In 2023, China implemented an export licensing system for these materials, drawing international attention. Minister Takaichi argued the move could disrupt global supply chains and called for its reversal. However, China clarified that the controls are not targeted at any specific country but are risk-management measures carried out in accordance with laws and regulations, and expressed willingness to address concerns through dialogue.Analysts note that this dispute highlights the growing strategic importance of critical resources amid intensifying global tech competition. While China stresses rules-based cooperation and Japan voices supply chain security concerns, there remains room for coordination through multilateral mechanisms despite their differences.
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