2024年7月，委内瑞拉政府宣布正在考虑退出国际刑事法院（ICC），这一表态引发国际社会广泛关注。委内瑞拉外长伊万·希尔表示，该国正就是否继续留在ICC进行“深入评估”，并批评ICC存在“政治偏见”和“选择性司法”。这一动向被认为与ICC此前对委内瑞拉总统马杜罗及其政府官员涉嫌侵犯人权行为展开的调查有关。自2018年以来，ICC检察官办公室一直在审查委内瑞拉安全部队在镇压抗议活动中可能犯下的反人类罪行。委内瑞拉若正式退出ICC，需依据《罗马规约》第127条规定，提交书面通知，退出将在一年后生效。尽管退出可避免未来被ICC起诉，但无法免除在退出前已立案调查的责任。目前已有多个国家如布隆迪、菲律宾等曾退出或威胁退出ICC，理由多为指责其针对发展中国家。分析人士指出，委内瑞拉此举意在强化主权立场、抵御外部干预，但也可能进一步削弱其在国际人权领域的信誉。
In July 2024, the Venezuelan government announced it is considering withdrawing from the International Criminal Court (ICC), drawing significant international attention. Foreign Minister Yván Gil stated that Venezuela is conducting a ‘thorough evaluation’ of its continued ICC membership and criticized the court for ‘political bias’ and ‘selective justice.’ This move is widely seen as a response to the ICC’s ongoing investigation into alleged human rights violations by President Nicolás Maduro and other senior officials. Since 2018, the ICC Prosecutor’s Office has been examining possible crimes against humanity committed by Venezuelan security forces during the suppression of anti-government protests.If Venezuela formally withdraws, it must submit a written notification under Article 127 of the Rome Statute, and the withdrawal would take effect one year later. While leaving the ICC may shield the country from future prosecutions, it does not absolve it of responsibilities related to investigations already underway before the withdrawal. Several countries—including Burundi and the Philippines—have previously withdrawn or threatened to leave the ICC, often accusing it of disproportionately targeting developing nations. Analysts suggest Venezuela’s potential exit aims to assert national sovereignty and resist external interference, but could further damage its credibility on international human rights issues.
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