近年来，部分网络主播或短视频创作者为博取流量，使用与明星高度相似的“人脸头套”进行模仿表演，甚至冒充明星身份发布内容。此类行为看似娱乐化，实则暗藏多重法律风险。首先，未经许可使用他人肖像制作头套并用于商业目的，可能侵犯《民法典》中规定的肖像权；其次，若模仿内容歪曲、丑化明星形象，还可能构成名誉权侵权；更严重的是，若借此诱导粉丝打赏、购物或传播虚假信息，则涉嫌欺诈或不正当竞争。2023年已有相关案例被法院认定为侵权，判令赔偿并下架内容。专家提醒，娱乐创作应守住法律边界，尊重他人人格权益，避免以“搞笑”之名行侵权之实。
In recent years, some online streamers and short-video creators have used hyper-realistic ‘facial masks’ resembling celebrities to mimic them for attention and traffic—sometimes even impersonating the stars themselves. While such content may appear humorous or satirical, it carries significant legal risks. First, using a celebrity’s likeness in a mask for commercial purposes without consent may violate portrait rights protected under China’s Civil Code. Second, if the imitation distorts or defames the celebrity’s image, it could constitute infringement of their right to reputation. More seriously, if such impersonation is used to solicit donations, promote products, or spread misinformation, it may amount to fraud or unfair competition. In 2023, Chinese courts ruled in at least one case that such use was unlawful, ordering compensation and content removal. Legal experts caution that creative expression must respect personal rights and stay within legal boundaries—entertainment should not become a guise for infringement.
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