2024年7月，美国政府正式通知世界卫生组织（WHO），将启动退出程序，成为首个宣布退出该国际公共卫生机构的国家。此举源于美方对世卫组织在疫情应对、透明度及治理结构等方面的长期不满。根据《世界卫生组织组织法》，成员国需提前一年提交书面通知，并履行所有财政义务后方可正式退出。因此，美国预计将在2025年7月完成退出流程。对此，世卫组织总干事谭德塞表示深感遗憾。他在公开声明中强调，美国长期以来是全球卫生领域的重要合作伙伴和主要资金来源国，其退出不仅削弱了多边合作机制，也可能影响全球应对未来公共卫生危机的能力。谭德塞同时重申，世卫组织将继续秉持科学、公平与团结的原则，致力于服务所有成员国，无论其政治立场如何。分析人士指出，美国退出世卫组织可能加剧全球卫生治理体系的碎片化，削弱国际合作应对流行病、疫苗分配和疾病监测等关键领域的效率。不过，也有观点认为，此举或促使其他成员国加强投入，推动世卫组织改革，以提升其独立性和有效性。
In July 2024, the U.S. government formally notified the World Health Organization (WHO) of its intention to withdraw, becoming the first country to announce its exit from the global public health body. The decision stems from longstanding U.S. criticisms regarding WHO’s handling of pandemics, transparency, and governance structure. Under the WHO Constitution, member states must provide one year’s written notice and fulfill all financial obligations before withdrawal takes effect. Thus, the U.S. is expected to officially leave in July 2025.WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus expressed deep regret over the move. In a public statement, he emphasized that the United States has long been a key partner and major funder in global health. Its departure not only weakens multilateral cooperation but may also impair the world’s capacity to respond to future public health emergencies. Tedros reaffirmed WHO’s commitment to serving all member states based on science, equity, and solidarity, regardless of political differences.Analysts warn that the U.S. exit could fragment the global health governance system and reduce the effectiveness of international collaboration in critical areas such as pandemic response, vaccine distribution, and disease surveillance. However, some observers suggest this development might encourage other member states to increase their contributions and push for reforms to enhance WHO’s independence and operational efficiency.
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