近年来，美国频繁退出多个国际组织和多边协议，被网友戏称为“一口气退66个群”。这一说法虽有夸张成分，但确实反映了美国在特朗普政府时期推行“美国优先”政策下，对全球治理机制的疏离态度。例如，美国先后退出了《巴黎气候协定》、世界卫生组织（WHO）、联合国教科文组织、伊朗核协议、跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（TPP）等重要国际安排。其主要原因包括：一是强调国家主权高于多边义务，认为某些国际规则限制了美国的行动自由；二是对部分国际机构效率低下或“不公平对待美国”表示不满；三是出于国内政治考量，迎合特定选民群体的反全球化情绪。此外，美国也试图通过退出旧机制，推动更符合自身利益的新谈判或联盟。不过，拜登政府上台后，已重新加入部分组织（如WHO和《巴黎协定》），显示美国外交政策在“退群”与“返群”之间摇摆。总体来看，“退群”行为既体现了美国对全球秩序主导权的焦虑，也暴露出多边主义当前面临的挑战。
In recent years, the United States has withdrawn from numerous international organizations and multilateral agreements—a trend humorously dubbed by netizens as ‘quitting 66 groups at once.’ While exaggerated, this phrase captures the essence of America’s distancing from global governance mechanisms, particularly under the Trump administration’s ‘America First’ policy. Notable exits include the Paris Climate Agreement, the World Health Organization (WHO), UNESCO, the Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA), and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP).Key reasons include: prioritizing national sovereignty over multilateral commitments, believing that certain international rules constrain U.S. freedom of action; dissatisfaction with perceived inefficiency or unfair treatment within international bodies; and domestic political calculations aimed at appealing to anti-globalization voter bases. Additionally, the U.S. sought to leverage withdrawals to renegotiate terms or form new alliances better aligned with its interests.However, since President Biden took office, the U.S. has rejoined several organizations, such as WHO and the Paris Agreement, indicating a pendulum swing in foreign policy between disengagement and re-engagement. Overall, these ‘group-quitting’ actions reflect both American anxiety over its waning dominance in global order and the broader challenges facing multilateralism today.
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