留置是一种由监察机关在调查职务违法和职务犯罪过程中，依法对被调查人采取的限制人身自由的非刑事强制措施。它不同于公安机关在刑事案件中使用的拘留或逮捕，属于监察法框架下的特殊制度安排。根据《中华人民共和国监察法》，留置适用于涉嫌贪污贿赂、失职渎职等严重职务违法或职务犯罪的情形，且需满足证据充分、有串供或逃跑风险等条件。留置期限一般不超过三个月，在特殊情况下可延长一次，延长期限也不得超过三个月。留置期间，被留置人的人身权利、饮食、休息、医疗等基本保障应依法得到保障，并接受检察机关的监督。留置制度的设立旨在强化反腐败工作，提高监察效率，但也因其限制人身自由的性质而受到社会关注。因此，其适用必须严格依法进行，防止权力滥用，确保程序正义与人权保障相统一。
Detention (Liuzhi) is a non-criminal coercive measure imposed by supervisory authorities during investigations into duty-related misconduct or crimes, legally restricting the personal freedom of the person under investigation. Unlike criminal detention or arrest used by public security organs in criminal cases, Liuzhi operates under the framework of the Supervision Law as a special institutional arrangement. According to China’s Supervision Law, Liuzhi applies to serious cases involving corruption, bribery, dereliction of duty, or other duty-related offenses, and may only be used when there is sufficient evidence and risks such as collusion or flight exist. The standard detention period shall not exceed three months and may be extended once under exceptional circumstances for no more than an additional three months. During detention, the detainee’s basic rights—including access to food, rest, medical care, and humane treatment—must be safeguarded by law and are subject to oversight by procuratorial organs. While the Liuzhi system aims to strengthen anti-corruption efforts and enhance investigative efficiency, its nature as a liberty-restricting measure has drawn public scrutiny. Therefore, its application must strictly adhere to legal procedures to prevent abuse of power and ensure a balance between procedural justice and human rights protection.
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